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TERMS AND DEFINITIONS |
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Acute Pain Acute pain is the normal, predicted physiological response to an adverse chemical, thermal, or mechanical stimulus and is associated with surgery, trauma, and acute illness. It is generally time-limited and is responsive to opioid therapy, among other therapies. Addiction Addiction is a neurobehavioral syndrome with genetic and environmental influences that results in psychological dependence on the use of substances for their psychic effects and is characterized by compulsive use despite harm. Addiction may also be referred to by terms such as "drug dependence" and "psychological dependence." Physical dependence and tolerance are normal physiological consequences of extended opioid therapy for pain and should not be considered addiction. Analgesic Tolerance Analgesic tolerance is the need to increase the dose of opioid to achieve the same level of analgesia. Analgesic tolerance mayor may not be evident during opioid treatment and does not equate with addiction. Chronic Pain A pain state which is persistent and in which the cause of the pain cannot be removed or other-wise treated. Chronic pain may be associated with a long-term incurable or intractable medical condition or disease. Pain An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage. Physical Dependence Physical dependence on a controlled substance is a physiologic state of neuro-adaptation which is characterized by the emergence of a withdrawal syndrome if drug use is stopped or decreased abruptly, or if an antagonist is administered. Physical dependence is an expected result of opioid use. Physical dependence, by itself, does not equate with addiction. Pseudoaddiction Pattern of drug-seeking behavior of pain patients who are receiving inadequate pain management that can be mistaken for addiction. Substance Abuse Substance abuse is the use of any substance(s) for non-therapeutic purposes or use of medication for purposes other than those for which it is prescribed. Tolerance Tolerance is a physiologic state resulting from regular use of a drug in which an increased dosage is needed to produce the same effect, or a reduced effect is observed with a constant dose.
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* Federation of State Medical Boards of the United States, Inc. Model
Guidelines for the Use of Controlled Substances for the Treatment of Pain Copyright May1998 |
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